Click for a larger view.

These are musings from my vantage point on the Oregon South Coast.

A long-time software engineer and general geek, I continue my exploration with Photography, 3D Graphics, Linux and other nonsense. Come along for the ride.

My Photo Gallery is here. And of special interest are the albums of the beautiful models that I’ve worked with. If you are of age, and enjoy artistic photos, you should register on the photo gallery to see all of the beautiful pictures. If you are a model or need photos for any other reason, my rates are very affordable. And for special clients, I will consider TFCD. Contact me and we can discuss your needs.

Look on the left for links to topics of interest as well as my photographer sites on modeling portals.

I fix computers, and software and build websites. For more information, check this page. I’ve built Wordpress based sites with custom themes, and photo galleries based on Coppermine for several clients.

Enjoy, and don’t hesitate to drop me a note at djduffy at windyweather dot net if you have a question or comment that you don’t want to just leave here on the site.

When I got this audio cabinet about 8 years ago I put 3 fans in it. I got the best fans that I could find to reduce the hum that fans all make - Vantec Stealth 5″, and a Vantec Stealth 3″ for the center bay. There is a small transformer hooked up to the Aux power of the receiver so that the fans turn on whenever the receiver is on.

Here is what I came up with only now after all these years to quiet the fans:

The original scheme had the fans mounted on a piece of 1/2″ plywood and that is isolated from the very thin cabinet back with 4 screws through grommets. Notice the slot in the plate and cabinet back for cable access. While this doesn’t seal the fan to the cabinet, the cooling does not suffer and cable access is greatly simplified.

See the next photo for the grommets:

The grommets hold the plywood and fan away from the back of the cabinet, but the screw still allows hum to conduct from the fan plate to the cabinet back, which acts like a sound board. The hum was not very annoying, but you could hear it.

In the past the fans were screwed directly to the 1/2″ plywood plate. But the recent idea, which totally deadens the hum, is to isolate the fans from the cabinet back with thin sheets of foam. This is shown in detail in the next photo:

The new scheme adds two thin - door skin 1/8″ plywood - ears to the fan. Then two sheets of open celled foam is glued between these ears and the plywood plate. Using open-cell foam allows the use of wood glue to glue the foam to the wood. Elmer’s or TightBond both work fine. Closed cell foam might work as well if it is rough so the glue can work. Of course you can use contact cement as well to glue the foam. You should pick as swishy a foam as you can find. stiff foam obviously will conduct more vibrations to the cabinet back. Using the foam, there is no solid coupling between the fan and the back of the cabinet. So the sound is completely deadened. It would no longer be necessary to use the grommets at this point. The 1/2″ plywood plate could be attached directly to the cabinet back. If I were doing a new design, I would use thin plywood instead of the 1/2 plywood since the weight of that mounting no longer contributes to the sound isolation.

Finally!! No fan hum!!

Good luck and I hope this gives you an idea if you have a similar problem,

enjoy,

windy

After more than 15 years, my Audio Research AR9 speakers are toast. Actually the speakers are fine, the only problem is that the urethane driver baffle has rotted out. Of course all speakers of this age do that. I’ve replaced the baffle a while ago on my Infinity Powered 10″ Subwoofer. It turns out that you can buy the baffles on the web for any size driver and glue them on yourself. But it’s a pain in the behind to do this for 1 driver, let alone 4 drivers, so I’m going to retire my old AR9’s in favor of a pair of new Polk Audio Monitor 60’s.

Here is the AR9 that bit the dust. Took me a while to figure out how to pull its pants down, so to speak, so I could see the drivers.

Notice that the lower driver’s baffle has completely rotted away. Apparently the oxygen gets to the urethane and turns it into mush.

Here are some closeups.

and a normal driver - rotted but not yet completely fragged.

And here is what the whole setup looks like:

Not sure yet whether I’ll put the Polks on the top of the plywood boxes or not.

- windy

This tool records a number of kernel mode activities and then allows analysis in detail, esp of interrupts and Deferred Procedure Calls.

Using XPerf on the ailing laptop has shown that the culprit is acpi.sys.

The laptop is going back to the factory to figure it out.

- windy

Dynamic reports fail with the data not matching the column headers. Static reports work.

Update: This is a known problem. The problem is that the name TITLE doesn’t work as a report column. This means that no column of a database table can be named TITLE if dynamic tables are used.

Here is the table. This is an OO native database. The database is provide below.

Use the Report Wizard to generate a Dynamic Report with the following columns.

Note that the report is wrong. The AUTHOR appears under the title. It doesn’t matter whether we sort on the title, as intended or not. The bug still appears if the report is dynamic.

The data is correct if a static report is generated with the same fields.

This is a ZIP archive of the native database. 609KB.

windybooks_native ZIP

- windy

When building a database of my DVD collection which includes BLOB images of png images of the covers, the database can be backed up, but it cannot be restored. This of course makes the backups useless. The images are 475×475 pixel PNG images.

UPDATE: Problem solved. Parameter max_allowed_packet is the packet size for requests. This defaults to 1M and needs to be larger to allow this restore to work. Setting the max_allowed_packet parameter to 10M allowed the restore to complete successfully.

I’m using MySQL administrator 1.2.12, MySQL 5.0.51b-Community-nt, MySQL client version 5.1.11 running on Windows Vista Ultimate x86 SP1.

The database was built using OpenOffice 2.4.

Using the default backup settings, the error on restore was:

Error while executing this query:INSERT INTO `dvd-collection` (`dvd_ID`,`MovieTitle`,`Director`,`Producer`,`Actor`,`Genre`,
`Notes`,`Rating`,`Review`,`Subject`,`Writer`,`Format`,
`Source`,`DateAcquired`,`ReleaseYear`,`MPAARating`,
`Length`,`disk_image`) VALUES
(1,’Step Into Liquid.’,'Dana Brown’,NULL,’Robert August,
Rochelle Ballard, Shawn Barron, Dave Kalama, Gerry Lopez,
Robert \”Wingnut\” Weaver’,'Documentary’,
‘No stuntmen. No stereotypes. No other feeling comes close’,
5,NULL,’Surfing’,'Dana Brown’,'DVD’,'DishNetwork’,2006,2003,
‘PG’,88,0×89504E…44AE426082);
The server has returned this error message:MySQL server has gone away
MySQL Error.

Using these additional settings:

• InnoDB Online Backup
• No EXTENDED INSERTS
• Add DROP Statements
• Complete INSERTS
• Comment
• Compatibility Mode
• Disable Keys

The error was:

Unknown object in backup file

Download excerpts of the SQL files that fail to restore:

mysql_restore_bug 1.4MB

DVD_Backup_2_40_Rows 14MB

These excerpts fail as well. The complete SQL backup file is 270MB, so not only is it large but I don’t really want to share the entire file. By the way, “Analyze Backup File Content” works fine for all the files.

The mysql command fails as well:
C:\Darrell\Video_Database\backups>mysql --user=root --password=mysecret dvd_video < DVD_Backup_2_40_Rows.sql
ERROR 2006 (HY000) at line 89: MySQL server has gone away
C:\Darrell\Video_Database\backups>mysql --user=root --password=mysecret dvd_video < DVD_Video_Two_Rows_Second_Try.sql
C:\Darrell\Video_Database\backups>

It works for 2 rows, but not for the 40 row file.

Thanks,

Windy

I just got a new Alienware m15x. Great machine. Very nice design. But I’m running into a couple of problems.

Update: 8 June 2008 9pm- I spoke too soon. The problem is back in spades. See section later in this post regarding use of SysInternals Process Explorer with more data on the problem.

Update: 8 June 2008 - The CPU Busy problem is not occurring for about the past 2 hours. The system was idle - but with the CPU busy for several hours today. There appears to be no reason for this change. It bears watching.

Update: 7 June 2008 - New information added on CPU Busy.

The CPU becomes very busy almost all the time. The CPU is a dual core T9300. Alienware has lots of extra gizmos on this model. I have not yet installed any new drivers on the system. The Task Manager does not show any process on the system that is responsible for the CPU time. The Alienware Stealth Mode, Wireless, Bluetooth enabled or disabled are not effective in reducing the CPU busy state.

In the CPU busy state, one of the processor cores is maxed out and the other looks normal. Whatever is running runs exclusively in the left hand CPU - in task manager display - which tells me that whatever is running has affinity.

Example of CPU Busy

Notice the left CPU panel shows that the CPU has become 100% busy. During this time the Hard Drive is not busy and there are not Processes in the process list that show the required CPU time. Removing the Logitech wireless mouse does not affect the state. No new drivers were installed for the mouse, only the standard Vista drivers are used with the mouse.

CPU Busy State Returned to Normal

After some time the CPU busy state returned to normal.

CPU Returned to Busy

A little while later the CPU returned to Busy. This occurs every few minutes.

Diagnosis Steps Taken

1. Disable Alienware functions from the keyboard controls, as mentioned above. These include Blue-Tooth, Wireless, and Stealth Mode.
2. Diabled the Intel TurboBoost device to determine whether Vista Ready Boost was causing the problem. This made no change in the CPU activity.
3. Uninstalled and re-installed many layered products. Among these Virtual CD 9; Skype 3.5;
4. Run QuickSlice - a performanence analysis tool from Microsoft - to determine where CPU time is being spent. More on that later.
5. Disable almost every device possible to eliminate device interrupts as a possibility.

None of these steps has changed the problem.

QuickSlice

While I don’t have a detailed description of QuickSlice, it appears to be a program which ties into a high priority clock interrupt and then takes data about which processes are active when the clock interrupt occurs. For each process in the system it displays the process name, and a bar of Kernel Mode and User Mode time spent.

This shows QSlice with a busy process with mostly user mode and very little kernel mode using one processor. The bar only goes 1/2 way across the qslice panel which indicates that 1 out of 2 cores are active.

The following shows the CPU when it is not busy: Click for a larger view.

Note that the only active process is “System Process” and it is only running in Kernel Mode. This is the Idle Process. Note that it goes all the way across the panel indicating that both processors are Idle.

The following shows QSlice when the CPU is busy - the pathogical condition I’m trying to fix.

Note in this case, when one of the Cores is maxed out, that the Idle Process is only taking about 1 Core, and that there is another process showing some activity. This is System, so it’s not possible to figure out what is really active. Also note that nothing else is active, and that the total does not add up to 100%, or both Cores fully active. So there is missing time. Now let’s compare these two states in Task Manager.

When System running normally, Task Manager Looks like this:

Note that the bar at the top left shows very little CPU usage.

And here are some examples of the Task Manager when the CPU is very busy:

And here is the Task Manager process list when the CPU is busy, for all processes, sorted by CPU time utilized:

Click for the larger view.

Note the very strange conclusion. The System Idle process shows 74%. So the performance panel is showing that the CPU us busy, but the Process List shows that the CPU is idle. Very strange.

Disabling Devices to Find the Problem

Using Device Manager, almost all the unnecesary devices were disabled to attempt to identify the device driver that was causing interrupts. None of these made any change in the problem:

Note the very small indications on the icons that the devices have been disabled. This did not cause any change in the CPU activity.

I also Disabled the Windows Search service, and this made no difference. This posting in the Microsoft Tech Forum indicated that this has been the source of CPU Busy problems in the past.

Process Explorer from SysInternals - 8 June

Using Process Explorer from SysInternals, it shows that the time is being used in DPC [Deferred Procedure Calls] and Hardware Interrupts. This indicates to me that the problem must be an out of control hardware or hardware device driver. It seems odd that sometimes the interrupts stop for a while, perhaps many hours in the case of this afternoon. Here are some pictures with comparisons with my Area-51 7500 Desktop.

Area-51 7500 Desktop which never shows this problem.

A skype call was active at the time, but notice that the DPCs and HIs were very small percentage of the CPU.

Alienware m15x Notebook that is showing the problem.

Notice that the middle histogram across the top shows the history of CPU usage and that Red shows Kernel mode usage. Also note that the DPC time is 25% of the CPU and Hardware Interrupts are showing 12% of the CPU. Clearly pathological.

Conclusions So Far

At this point I conclude from these tests that:

1. The problem is occurring in kernel mode and is not measured by qslice, the Microsoft Tool designed to find these kinds of problems.
2. In order to avoid qslice, the problem is likely to be an interrupt or device related problem.
3. Disabling all the unnecessary devices has not found the problem, so if the problem is a device, the list of remaining devices is very short.
4. Since the problem comes and goes on a minute to minute basis, it’s not a broken piece of hardware, but more likely an unforeseen interaction between hardware and a driver.
5. but I’m just guessing. The Process Explorer data rules out a problem with Vista itself. It seems clear that this is something peculiar to the m15x.

While the system can be used with this problem, it needs to be fixed:

1. The CPU activity puts more load on the battery, and causes more heat than necessary. This is especially troublesome for a laptop.
2. This problem does not occur on an Alienware Area-51 Desktop system running VIsta x64, so there would seem to be no reason to put up with the problem on this Alienware m15x running Vista x86.

COM Surrogate Crashes

I don’t know if this is related or not, but occasionally the COM Surrogate crashes.

Update: This is apparently not related. This is no longer occurring. I don’t know what I was using that contributed to this problem.

The crash details are as follows:

Problem signature:
Problem Event Name: APPCRASH
Application Name: DllHost.exe
Application Version: 6.0.6000.16386
Application Timestamp: 4549b14e
Fault Module Name: StackHash_1703
Fault Module Version: 0.0.0.0
Fault Module Timestamp: 00000000
Exception Code: c0000005
Exception Offset: 0153b5ed
OS Version: 6.0.6001.2.1.0.256.1
Locale ID: 1033
Additional Information 1: 1703
Additional Information 2: 2264db07e74365624c50317d7b856ae9
Additional Information 3: 1344
Additional Information 4: 875fa2ef9d2bdca96466e8af55d1ae6e
Read our privacy statement:
http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=50163&clcid=0x0409


Summary

1. The CPU occasionally gets very busy for no apparent reason.
2. The COM Surrogate - whatever that is - occasionally crashes.

- windy

After an hour or so of searching, I found 1And1.com and LunarPages. Both have

1. affordable plans
2. trial periods of at least 30 days.
3. Very reasonable Terms of Use and Terms of Service agreements. You should read these very carefully since I found that some hosting services, such as BlueHost.com, based in Utah, does not permit adult content of any kind. My artistic photos violate their terms of use.

I got a new domain and uploaded my site to 1AND1, however, 1And1.com had two problems:

1. I was not easily able to upload the 34MB Coppermine database. The site is 182K records, and 170K of those are hit statistics which may not seem very important, but looking ahead, it seemed unreasonable to have to break the SQL of the database into chunks smaller than 3MB to get it to upload. The limit was stated as 8MB, but 7MB files and even 4MB files usually failed to restore to the database even tho phpMyAdmin reported success.
2. The MySQL databases have a limit of 100MB, and while my databases do not exceed this presently, it seems more reasonable to limit the MySQL databases on the total space provided rather than a fixed limit.

Lunar Pages provides:

1. SSH [shell account] access so that I could upload the entire SQL for the Coppermine database and do a mysql command in the shell to restore the database. This process completed in a couple of minutes.
2. The MySQL databases come from the total quota for the site, which is a whopping 1.5 TB. My total site size is now a little over 3GB.
3. Blazing speed. Using Pingdom.com and Site24×7.com to time my site showed that Lunar Pages was about 30% faster than 1AND1.com.

I recommend Pingdom.com for testing website speeds. Pingdom provides a detailed breakdown of times for each file of the web page and stores the results from one day to the next so that you can compare speeds of various trials.

A New Wordpress Theme

A couple of years ago I created my wordpress theme from a theme I found and a graphic I found on another site. As I was looking through the wordpress theme site this evening, I found a very nice theme that really grabbed my attention. As you can see it is similar to the one that we had here before.

Old WindyWeather Theme

The windyweather theme has the links on the left and calendar on the right. The articles are down the center.

Nebula Theme

A very striking theme by Gx3. I made some minor changes to the sidebars to change the order of items on the left side and remove the Google search and widget panel from the right side. It now has items in the same place as the Windy theme. I also added the page statistics to the bottom of the page.

Time for a face lift.

enjoy,

windy

Introduction
This section contains the script of Act II of Macbeth the play by William Shakespeare. The enduring works of William Shakespeare feature many famous and well loved characters. Make a note of any unusual words that you encounter whilst reading the script of Macbeth and check their definition in the Shakespeare Dictionary The script of Macbeth is extremely long. To reduce the time to load the script of the play, and for ease in accessing specific sections of the script, we have separated the text of Macbeth into Acts. Please click Macbeth Script to access further Acts.

Script / Text of Act II Macbeth

ACT II
SCENE I. Court of Macbeth’s castle.

Enter BANQUO, and FLEANCE bearing a torch before him
BANQUO
How goes the night, boy?

FLEANCE
The moon is down; I have not heard the clock.

BANQUO
And she goes down at twelve.

FLEANCE
I take’t, ’tis later, sir.

BANQUO
Hold, take my sword. There’s husbandry in heaven;
Their candles are all out. Take thee that too.
A heavy summons lies like lead upon me,
And yet I would not sleep: merciful powers,
Restrain in me the cursed thoughts that nature
Gives way to in repose!

Enter MACBETH, and a Servant with a torch

Give me my sword.
Who’s there?

MACBETH
A friend.

BANQUO
What, sir, not yet at rest? The king’s a-bed:
He hath been in unusual pleasure, and
Sent forth great largess to your offices.
This diamond he greets your wife withal,
By the name of most kind hostess; and shut up
In measureless content.

MACBETH
Being unprepared,
Our will became the servant to defect;
Which else should free have wrought.

BANQUO
All’s well.
I dreamt last night of the three weird sisters:
To you they have show’d some truth.

MACBETH
I think not of them:
Yet, when we can entreat an hour to serve,
We would spend it in some words upon that business,
If you would grant the time.

BANQUO
At your kind’st leisure.

MACBETH
If you shall cleave to my consent, when ’tis,
It shall make honour for you.

BANQUO
So I lose none
In seeking to augment it, but still keep
My bosom franchised and allegiance clear,
I shall be counsell’d.

MACBETH
Good repose the while!

BANQUO
Thanks, sir: the like to you!

Exeunt BANQUO and FLEANCE

MACBETH
Go bid thy mistress, when my drink is ready,
She strike upon the bell. Get thee to bed.

Exit Servant

Is this a dagger which I see before me,
The handle toward my hand? Come, let me clutch thee.
I have thee not, and yet I see thee still.
Art thou not, fatal vision, sensible
To feeling as to sight? or art thou but
A dagger of the mind, a false creation,
Proceeding from the heat-oppressed brain?
I see thee yet, in form as palpable
As this which now I draw.
Thou marshall’st me the way that I was going;
And such an instrument I was to use.
Mine eyes are made the fools o’ the other senses,
Or else worth all the rest; I see thee still,
And on thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood,
Which was not so before. There’s no such thing:
It is the bloody business which informs
Thus to mine eyes. Now o’er the one halfworld
Nature seems dead, and wicked dreams abuse
The curtain’d sleep; witchcraft celebrates
Pale Hecate’s offerings, and wither’d murder,
Alarum’d by his sentinel, the wolf,
Whose howl’s his watch, thus with his stealthy pace.
With Tarquin’s ravishing strides, towards his design
Moves like a ghost. Thou sure and firm-set earth,
Hear not my steps, which way they walk, for fear
Thy very stones prate of my whereabout,
And take the present horror from the time,
Which now suits with it. Whiles I threat, he lives:
Words to the heat of deeds too cold breath gives.

A bell rings

I go, and it is done; the bell invites me.
Hear it not, Duncan; for it is a knell
That summons thee to heaven or to hell.

Exit

SCENE II. The same.

Enter LADY MACBETH
LADY MACBETH
That which hath made them drunk hath made me bold;
What hath quench’d them hath given me fire.
Hark! Peace!
It was the owl that shriek’d, the fatal bellman,
Which gives the stern’st good-night. He is about it:
The doors are open; and the surfeited grooms
Do mock their charge with snores: I have drugg’d
their possets,
That death and nature do contend about them,
Whether they live or die.

MACBETH
[Within] Who’s there? what, ho!

LADY MACBETH
Alack, I am afraid they have awaked,
And ’tis not done. The attempt and not the deed
Confounds us. Hark! I laid their daggers ready;
He could not miss ‘em. Had he not resembled
My father as he slept, I had done’t.

Enter MACBETH

My husband!

MACBETH
I have done the deed. Didst thou not hear a noise?

LADY MACBETH
I heard the owl scream and the crickets cry.
Did not you speak?

MACBETH
When?

LADY MACBETH
Now.

MACBETH
As I descended?

LADY MACBETH
Ay.

MACBETH
Hark!
Who lies i’ the second chamber?

LADY MACBETH
Donalbain.

MACBETH
This is a sorry sight.

Looking on his hands

LADY MACBETH
A foolish thought, to say a sorry sight.

MACBETH
There’s one did laugh in’s sleep, and one cried
‘Murder!’
That they did wake each other: I stood and heard them:
But they did say their prayers, and address’d them
Again to sleep.

LADY MACBETH
There are two lodged together.

MACBETH
One cried ‘God bless us!’ and ‘Amen’ the other;
As they had seen me with these hangman’s hands.
Listening their fear, I could not say ‘Amen,’
When they did say ‘God bless us!’

LADY MACBETH
Consider it not so deeply.

MACBETH
But wherefore could not I pronounce ‘Amen’?
I had most need of blessing, and ‘Amen’
Stuck in my throat.

LADY MACBETH
These deeds must not be thought
After these ways; so, it will make us mad.

MACBETH
Methought I heard a voice cry ‘Sleep no more!
Macbeth does murder sleep’, the innocent sleep,
Sleep that knits up the ravell’d sleeve of care,
The death of each day’s life, sore labour’s bath,
Balm of hurt minds, great nature’s second course,
Chief nourisher in life’s feast,–

LADY MACBETH
What do you mean?

MACBETH
Still it cried ‘Sleep no more!’ to all the house:
‘Glamis hath murder’d sleep, and therefore Cawdor
Shall sleep no more; Macbeth shall sleep no more.’

LADY MACBETH
Who was it that thus cried? Why, worthy thane,
You do unbend your noble strength, to think
So brainsickly of things. Go get some water,
And wash this filthy witness from your hand.
Why did you bring these daggers from the place?
They must lie there: go carry them; and smear
The sleepy grooms with blood.

MACBETH
I’ll go no more:
I am afraid to think what I have done;
Look on’t again I dare not.

LADY MACBETH
Infirm of purpose!
Give me the daggers: the sleeping and the dead
Are but as pictures: ’tis the eye of childhood
That fears a painted devil. If he do bleed,
I’ll gild the faces of the grooms withal;
For it must seem their guilt.

Exit. Knocking within

MACBETH
Whence is that knocking?
How is’t with me, when every noise appals me?
What hands are here? ha! they pluck out mine eyes.
Will all great Neptune’s ocean wash this blood
Clean from my hand? No, this my hand will rather
The multitudinous seas in incarnadine,
Making the green one red.

Re-enter LADY MACBETH

LADY MACBETH
My hands are of your colour; but I shame
To wear a heart so white.

Knocking within

I hear a knocking
At the south entry: retire we to our chamber;
A little water clears us of this deed:
How easy is it, then! Your constancy
Hath left you unattended.

Knocking within

Hark! more knocking.
Get on your nightgown, lest occasion call us,
And show us to be watchers. Be not lost
So poorly in your thoughts.

MACBETH
To know my deed, ’twere best not know myself.

Knocking within

Wake Duncan with thy knocking! I would thou couldst!

Exeunt

SCENE III. The same.

Knocking within. Enter a Porter
Porter
Here’s a knocking indeed! If a
man were porter of hell-gate, he should have
old turning the key.

Knocking within

Knock,
knock, knock! Who’s there, i’ the name of
Beelzebub? Here’s a farmer, that hanged
himself on the expectation of plenty: come in
time; have napkins enow about you; here
you’ll sweat for’t.

Knocking within

Knock,
knock! Who’s there, in the other devil’s
name? Faith, here’s an equivocator, that could
swear in both the scales against either scale;
who committed treason enough for God’s sake,
yet could not equivocate to heaven: O, come
in, equivocator.

Knocking within

Knock,
knock, knock! Who’s there? Faith, here’s an
English tailor come hither, for stealing out of
a French hose: come in, tailor; here you may
roast your goose.

Knocking within

Knock,
knock; never at quiet! What are you? But
this place is too cold for hell. I’ll devil-porter
it no further: I had thought to have let in
some of all professions that go the primrose
way to the everlasting bonfire.

Knocking within

Anon, anon! I pray you, remember the porter.

Opens the gate

Enter MACDUFF and LENNOX

MACDUFF
Was it so late, friend, ere you went to bed,
That you do lie so late?

Porter
‘Faith sir, we were carousing till the
second cock: and drink, sir, is a great
provoker of three things.

MACDUFF
What three things does drink especially provoke?

Porter
Marry, sir, nose-painting, sleep, and
urine. Lechery, sir, it provokes, and unprovokes;
it provokes the desire, but it takes
away the performance: therefore, much drink
may be said to be an equivocator with lechery:
it makes him, and it mars him; it sets
him on, and it takes him off; it persuades him,
and disheartens him; makes him stand to, and
not stand to; in conclusion, equivocates him
in a sleep, and, giving him the lie, leaves him.

MACDUFF
I believe drink gave thee the lie last night.

Porter
That it did, sir, i’ the very throat on
me: but I requited him for his lie; and, I
think, being too strong for him, though he took
up my legs sometime, yet I made a shift to cast
him.

MACDUFF
Is thy master stirring?

Enter MACBETH

Our knocking has awaked him; here he comes.

LENNOX
Good morrow, noble sir.

MACBETH
Good morrow, both.

MACDUFF
Is the king stirring, worthy thane?

MACBETH
Not yet.

MACDUFF
He did command me to call timely on him:
I have almost slipp’d the hour.

MACBETH
I’ll bring you to him.

MACDUFF
I know this is a joyful trouble to you;
But yet ’tis one.

MACBETH
The labour we delight in physics pain.
This is the door.

MACDUFF
I’ll make so bold to call,
For ’tis my limited service.

Exit

LENNOX
Goes the king hence to-day?

MACBETH
He does: he did appoint so.

LENNOX
The night has been unruly: where we lay,
Our chimneys were blown down; and, as they say,
Lamentings heard i’ the air; strange screams of death,
And prophesying with accents terrible
Of dire combustion and confused events
New hatch’d to the woeful time: the obscure bird
Clamour’d the livelong night: some say, the earth
Was feverous and did shake.

MACBETH
‘Twas a rough night.

LENNOX
My young remembrance cannot parallel
A fellow to it.

Re-enter MACDUFF

MACDUFF
O horror, horror, horror! Tongue nor heart
Cannot conceive nor name thee!

MACBETH LENNOX
What’s the matter.

MACDUFF
Confusion now hath made his masterpiece!
Most sacrilegious murder hath broke ope
The Lord’s anointed temple, and stole thence
The life o’ the building!

MACBETH
What is ‘t you say? the life?

LENNOX
Mean you his majesty?

MACDUFF
Approach the chamber, and destroy your sight
With a new Gorgon: do not bid me speak;
See, and then speak yourselves.

Exeunt MACBETH and LENNOX

Awake, awake!
Ring the alarum-bell. Murder and treason!
Banquo and Donalbain! Malcolm! awake!
Shake off this downy sleep, death’s counterfeit,
And look on death itself! up, up, and see
The great doom’s image! Malcolm! Banquo!
As from your graves rise up, and walk like sprites,
To countenance this horror! Ring the bell.

Bell rings

Enter LADY MACBETH

LADY MACBETH
What’s the business,
That such a hideous trumpet calls to parley
The sleepers of the house? speak, speak!

MACDUFF
O gentle lady,
‘Tis not for you to hear what I can speak:
The repetition, in a woman’s ear,
Would murder as it fell.

Enter BANQUO

O Banquo, Banquo,
Our royal master ’s murder’d!

LADY MACBETH
Woe, alas!
What, in our house?

BANQUO
Too cruel any where.
Dear Duff, I prithee, contradict thyself,
And say it is not so.

Re-enter MACBETH and LENNOX, with ROSS

MACBETH
Had I but died an hour before this chance,
I had lived a blessed time; for, from this instant,
There ’s nothing serious in mortality:
All is but toys: renown and grace is dead;
The wine of life is drawn, and the mere lees
Is left this vault to brag of.

Enter MALCOLM and DONALBAIN

DONALBAIN
What is amiss?

MACBETH
You are, and do not know’t:
The spring, the head, the fountain of your blood
Is stopp’d; the very source of it is stopp’d.

MACDUFF
Your royal father ’s murder’d.

MALCOLM
O, by whom?

LENNOX
Those of his chamber, as it seem’d, had done ‘t:
Their hands and faces were an badged with blood;
So were their daggers, which unwiped we found
Upon their pillows:
They stared, and were distracted; no man’s life
Was to be trusted with them.

MACBETH
O, yet I do repent me of my fury,
That I did kill them.

MACDUFF
Wherefore did you so?

MACBETH
Who can be wise, amazed, temperate and furious,
Loyal and neutral, in a moment? No man:
The expedition my violent love
Outrun the pauser, reason. Here lay Duncan,
His silver skin laced with his golden blood;
And his gash’d stabs look’d like a breach in nature
For ruin’s wasteful entrance: there, the murderers,
Steep’d in the colours of their trade, their daggers
Unmannerly breech’d with gore: who could refrain,
That had a heart to love, and in that heart
Courage to make ’s love kno wn?

LADY MACBETH
Help me hence, ho!

MACDUFF
Look to the lady.

MALCOLM
[Aside to DONALBAIN] Why do we hold our tongues,
That most may claim this argument for ours?

DONALBAIN
[Aside to MALCOLM] What should be spoken here,
where our fate,
Hid in an auger-hole, may rush, and seize us?
Let ’s away;
Our tears are not yet brew’d.

MALCOLM
[Aside to DONALBAIN] Nor our strong sorrow
Upon the foot of motion.

BANQUO
Look to the lady:

LADY MACBETH is carried out

And when we have our naked frailties hid,
That suffer in exposure, let us meet,
And question this most bloody piece of work,
To know it further. Fears and scruples shake us:
In the great hand of God I stand; and thence
Against the undivulged pretence I fight
Of treasonous malice.

MACDUFF
And so do I.

ALL
So all.

MACBETH
Let’s briefly put on manly readiness,
And meet i’ the hall together.

ALL
Well contented.

Exeunt all but Malcolm and Donalbain.

MALCOLM
What will you do? Let’s not consort with them:
To show an unfelt sorrow is an office
Which the false man does easy. I’ll to England.

DONALBAIN
To Ireland, I; our separated fortune
Shall keep us both the safer: where we are,
There’s daggers in men’s smiles: the near in blood,
The nearer bloody.

MALCOLM
This murderous shaft that’s shot
Hath not yet lighted, and our safest way
Is to avoid the aim. Therefore, to horse;
And let us not be dainty of leave-taking,
But shift away: there’s warrant in that theft
Which steals itself, when there’s no mercy left.

Exeunt

SCENE IV. Outside Macbeth’s castle.

Enter ROSS and an old Man
Old Man
Threescore and ten I can remember well:
Within the volume of which time I have seen
Hours dreadful and things strange; but this sore night
Hath trifled former knowings.

ROSS
Ah, good father,
Thou seest, the heavens, as troubled with man’s act,
Threaten his bloody stage: by the clock, ’tis day,
And yet dark night strangles the travelling lamp:
Is’t night’s predominance, or the day’s shame,
That darkness does the face of earth entomb,
When living light should kiss it?

Old Man
‘Tis unnatural,
Even like the deed that’s done. On Tuesday last,
A falcon, towering in her pride of place,
Was by a mousing owl hawk’d at and kill’d.

ROSS
And Duncan’s horses–a thing most strange and certain–
Beauteous and swift, the minions of their race,
Turn’d wild in nature, broke their stalls, flung out,
Contending ‘gainst obedience, as they would make
War with mankind.

Old Man
‘Tis said they eat each other.

ROSS
They did so, to the amazement of mine eyes
That look’d upon’t. Here comes the good Macduff.

Enter MACDUFF

How goes the world, sir, now?

MACDUFF
Why, see you not?

ROSS
Is’t known who did this more than bloody deed?

MACDUFF
Those that Macbeth hath slain.

ROSS
Alas, the day!
What good could they pretend?

MACDUFF
They were suborn’d:
Malcolm and Donalbain, the king’s two sons,
Are stol’n away and fled; which puts upon them
Suspicion of the deed.

ROSS
‘Gainst nature still!
Thriftless ambition, that wilt ravin up
Thine own life’s means! Then ’tis most like
The sovereignty will fall upon Macbeth.

MACDUFF
He is already named, and gone to Scone
To be invested.

ROSS
Where is Duncan’s body?

MACDUFF
Carried to Colmekill,
The sacred storehouse of his predecessors,
And guardian of their bones.

ROSS
Will you to Scone?

MACDUFF
No, cousin, I’ll to Fife.

ROSS
Well, I will thither.

MACDUFF
Well, may you see things well done there: adieu!
Lest our old robes sit easier than our new!

ROSS
Farewell, father.

Old Man
God’s benison go with you; and with those
That would make good of bad, and friends of foes!

Exeunt

Introduction
This section contains the script of Act I of Macbeth the play by William Shakespeare. The enduring works of William Shakespeare feature many famous and well loved characters. Make a note of any unusual words that you encounter whilst reading the script of Macbeth and check their definition in the Shakespeare Dictionary The script of Macbeth is extremely long. To reduce the time to load the script of the play, and for ease in accessing specific sections of the script, we have separated the text of Macbeth into Acts. Please click Macbeth Script to access further Acts.

Script / Text of Act I Macbeth

ACT I
SCENE I. A desert place.

Thunder and lightning. Enter three Witches
First Witch
When shall we three meet again
In thunder, lightning, or in rain?

Second Witch
When the hurlyburly’s done,
When the battle’s lost and won.

Third Witch
That will be ere the set of sun.

First Witch
Where the place?

Second Witch
Upon the heath.

Third Witch
There to meet with Macbeth.

First Witch
I come, Graymalkin!

Second Witch
Paddock calls.

Third Witch
Anon.

ALL
Fair is foul, and foul is fair:
Hover through the fog and filthy air.

Exeunt

SCENE II. A camp near Forres.

Alarum within. Enter DUNCAN, MALCOLM, DONALBAIN, LENNOX, with Attendants, meeting a bleeding Sergeant
DUNCAN
What bloody man is that? He can report,
As seemeth by his plight, of the revolt
The newest state.

MALCOLM
This is the sergeant
Who like a good and hardy soldier fought
‘Gainst my captivity. Hail, brave friend!
Say to the king the knowledge of the broil
As thou didst leave it.

Sergeant
Doubtful it stood;
As two spent swimmers, that do cling together
And choke their art. The merciless Macdonwald–
Worthy to be a rebel, for to that
The multiplying villanies of nature
Do swarm upon him–from the western isles
Of kerns and gallowglasses is supplied;
And fortune, on his damned quarrel smiling,
Show’d like a rebel’s whore: but all’s too weak:
For brave Macbeth–well he deserves that name–
Disdaining fortune, with his brandish’d steel,
Which smoked with bloody execution,
Like valour’s minion carved out his passage
Till he faced the slave;
Which ne’er shook hands, nor bade farewell to him,
Till he unseam’d him from the nave to the chaps,
And fix’d his head upon our battlements.

DUNCAN
O valiant cousin! worthy gentleman!

Sergeant
As whence the sun ‘gins his reflection
Shipwrecking storms and direful thunders break,
So from that spring whence comfort seem’d to come
Discomfort swells. Mark, king of Scotland, mark:
No sooner justice had with valour arm’d
Compell’d these skipping kerns to trust their heels,
But the Norweyan lord surveying vantage,
With furbish’d arms and new supplies of men
Began a fresh assault.

DUNCAN
Dismay’d not this
Our captains, Macbeth and Banquo?

Sergeant
Yes;
As sparrows eagles, or the hare the lion.
If I say sooth, I must report they were
As cannons overcharged with double cracks, so they
Doubly redoubled strokes upon the foe:
Except they meant to bathe in reeking wounds,
Or memorise another Golgotha,
I cannot tell.
But I am faint, my gashes cry for help.

DUNCAN
So well thy words become thee as thy wounds;
They smack of honour both. Go get him surgeons.

Exit Sergeant, attended

Who comes here?

Enter ROSS

MALCOLM
The worthy thane of Ross.

LENNOX
What a haste looks through his eyes! So should he look
That seems to speak things strange.

ROSS
God save the king!

DUNCAN
Whence camest thou, worthy thane?

ROSS
From Fife, great king;
Where the Norweyan banners flout the sky
And fan our people cold. Norway himself,
With terrible numbers,
Assisted by that most disloyal traitor
The thane of Cawdor, began a dismal conflict;
Till that Bellona’s bridegroom, lapp’d in proof,
Confronted him with self-comparisons,
Point against point rebellious, arm ‘gainst arm.
Curbing his lavish spirit: and, to conclude,
The victory fell on us.

DUNCAN
Great happiness!

ROSS
That now
Sweno, the Norways’ king, craves composition:
Nor would we deign him burial of his men
Till he disbursed at Saint Colme’s inch
Ten thousand dollars to our general use.

DUNCAN
No more that thane of Cawdor shall deceive
Our bosom interest: go pronounce his present death,
And with his former title greet Macbeth.

ROSS
I’ll see it done.

DUNCAN
What he hath lost noble Macbeth hath won.

Exeunt

SCENE III. A heath near Forres.

Thunder. Enter the three Witches
First Witch
Where hast thou been, sister?

Second Witch
Killing swine.

Third Witch
Sister, where thou?

First Witch
A sailor’s wife had chestnuts in her lap,
And munch’d, and munch’d, and munch’d:–
‘Give me,’ quoth I:
‘Aroint thee, witch!’ the rump-fed ronyon cries.
Her husband’s to Aleppo gone, master o’ the Tiger:
But in a sieve I’ll thither sail,
And, like a rat without a tail,
I’ll do, I’ll do, and I’ll do.

Second Witch
I’ll give thee a wind.

First Witch
Thou’rt kind.

Third Witch
And I another.

First Witch
I myself have all the other,
And the very ports they blow,
All the quarters that they know
I’ the shipman’s card.
I will drain him dry as hay:
Sleep shall neither night nor day
Hang upon his pent-house lid;
He shall live a man forbid:
Weary se’nnights nine times nine
Shall he dwindle, peak and pine:
Though his bark cannot be lost,
Yet it shall be tempest-tost.
Look what I have.

Second Witch
Show me, show me.

First Witch
Here I have a pilot’s thumb,
Wreck’d as homeward he did come.

Drum within

Third Witch
A drum, a drum!
Macbeth doth come.

ALL
The weird sisters, hand in hand,
Posters of the sea and land,
Thus do go about, about:
Thrice to thine and thrice to mine
And thrice again, to make up nine.
Peace! the charm’s wound up.

Enter MACBETH and BANQUO

MACBETH
So foul and fair a day I have not seen.

BANQUO
How far is’t call’d to Forres? What are these
So wither’d and so wild in their attire,
That look not like the inhabitants o’ the earth,
And yet are on’t? Live you? or are you aught
That man may question? You seem to understand me,
By each at once her chappy finger laying
Upon her skinny lips: you should be women,
And yet your beards forbid me to interpret
That you are so.

MACBETH
Speak, if you can: what are you?

First Witch
All hail, Macbeth! hail to thee, thane of Glamis!

Second Witch
All hail, Macbeth, hail to thee, thane of Cawdor!

Third Witch
All hail, Macbeth, thou shalt be king hereafter!

BANQUO
Good sir, why do you start; and seem to fear
Things that do sound so fair? I’ the name of truth,
Are ye fantastical, or that indeed
Which outwardly ye show? My noble partner
You greet with present grace and great prediction
Of noble having and of royal hope,
That he seems rapt withal: to me you speak not.
If you can look into the seeds of time,
And say which grain will grow and which will not,
Speak then to me, who neither beg nor fear
Your favours nor your hate.

First Witch
Hail!

Second Witch
Hail!

Third Witch
Hail!

First Witch
Lesser than Macbeth, and greater.

Second Witch
Not so happy, yet much happier.

Third Witch
Thou shalt get kings, though thou be none:
So all hail, Macbeth and Banquo!

First Witch
Banquo and Macbeth, all hail!

MACBETH
Stay, you imperfect speakers, tell me more:
By Sinel’s death I know I am thane of Glamis;
But how of Cawdor? the thane of Cawdor lives,
A prosperous gentleman; and to be king
Stands not within the prospect of belief,
No more than to be Cawdor. Say from whence
You owe this strange intelligence? or why
Upon this blasted heath you stop our way
With such prophetic greeting? Speak, I charge you.

Witches vanish

BANQUO
The earth hath bubbles, as the water has,
And these are of them. Whither are they vanish’d?

MACBETH
Into the air; and what seem’d corporal melted
As breath into the wind. Would they had stay’d!

BANQUO
Were such things here as we do speak about?
Or have we eaten on the insane root
That takes the reason prisoner?

MACBETH
Your children shall be kings.

BANQUO
You shall be king.

MACBETH
And thane of Cawdor too: went it not so?

BANQUO
To the selfsame tune and words. Who’s here?

Enter ROSS and ANGUS

ROSS
The king hath happily received, Macbeth,
The news of thy success; and when he reads
Thy personal venture in the rebels’ fight,
His wonders and his praises do contend
Which should be thine or his: silenced with that,
In viewing o’er the rest o’ the selfsame day,
He finds thee in the stout Norweyan ranks,
Nothing afeard of what thyself didst make,
Strange images of death. As thick as hail
Came post with post; and every one did bear
Thy praises in his kingdom’s great defence,
And pour’d them down before him.

ANGUS
We are sent
To give thee from our royal master thanks;
Only to herald thee into his sight,
Not pay thee.

ROSS
And, for an earnest of a greater honour,
He bade me, from him, call thee thane of Cawdor:
In which addition, hail, most worthy thane!
For it is thine.

BANQUO
What, can the devil speak true?

MACBETH
The thane of Cawdor lives: why do you dress me
In borrow’d robes?

ANGUS
Who was the thane lives yet;
But under heavy judgment bears that life
Which he deserves to lose. Whether he was combined
With those of Norway, or did line the rebel
With hidden help and vantage, or that with both
He labour’d in his country’s wreck, I know not;
But treasons capital, confess’d and proved,
Have overthrown him.

MACBETH
[Aside] Glamis, and thane of Cawdor!
The greatest is behind.

To ROSS and ANGUS

Thanks for your pains.

To BANQUO

Do you not hope your children shall be kings,
When those that gave the thane of Cawdor to me
Promised no less to them?

BANQUO
That trusted home
Might yet enkindle you unto the crown,
Besides the thane of Cawdor. But ’tis strange:
And oftentimes, to win us to our harm,
The instruments of darkness tell us truths,
Win us with honest trifles, to betray’s
In deepest consequence.
Cousins, a word, I pray you.

MACBETH
[Aside] Two truths are told,
As happy prologues to the swelling act
Of the imperial theme.–I thank you, gentlemen.

Aside

Cannot be ill, cannot be good: if ill,
Why hath it given me earnest of success,
Commencing in a truth? I am thane of Cawdor:
If good, why do I yield to that suggestion
Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair
And make my seated heart knock at my ribs,
Against the use of nature? Present fears
Are less than horrible imaginings:
My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical,
Shakes so my single state of man that function
Is smother’d in surmise, and nothing is
But what is not.

BANQUO
Look, how our partner’s rapt.

MACBETH
[Aside] If chance will have me king, why, chance may crown me,
Without my stir.

BANQUO
New horrors come upon him,
Like our strange garments, cleave not to their mould
But with the aid of use.

MACBETH
[Aside] Come what come may,
Time and the hour runs through the roughest day.

BANQUO
Worthy Macbeth, we stay upon your leisure.

MACBETH
Give me your favour: my dull brain was wrought
With things forgotten. Kind gentlemen, your pains
Are register’d where every day I turn
The leaf to read them. Let us toward the king.
Think upon what hath chanced, and, at more time,
The interim having weigh’d it, let us speak
Our free hearts each to other.

BANQUO
Very gladly.

MACBETH
Till then, enough. Come, friends.

Exeunt

SCENE IV. Forres. The palace.

Flourish. Enter DUNCAN, MALCOLM, DONALBAIN, LENNOX, and Attendants
DUNCAN
Is execution done on Cawdor? Are not
Those in commission yet return’d?

MALCOLM
My liege,
They are not yet come back. But I have spoke
With one that saw him die: who did report
That very frankly he confess’d his treasons,
Implored your highness’ pardon and set forth
A deep repentance: nothing in his life
Became him like the leaving it; he died
As one that had been studied in his death
To throw away the dearest thing he owed,
As ’twere a careless trifle.

DUNCAN
There’s no art
To find the mind’s construction in the face:
He was a gentleman on whom I built
An absolute trust.

Enter MACBETH, BANQUO, ROSS, and ANGUS

O worthiest cousin!
The sin of my ingratitude even now
Was heavy on me: thou art so far before
That swiftest wing of recompense is slow
To overtake thee. Would thou hadst less deserved,
That the proportion both of thanks and payment
Might have been mine! only I have left to say,
More is thy due than more than all can pay.

MACBETH
The service and the loyalty I owe,
In doing it, pays itself. Your highness’ part
Is to receive our duties; and our duties
Are to your throne and state children and servants,
Which do but what they should, by doing every thing
Safe toward your love and honour.

DUNCAN
Welcome hither:
I have begun to plant thee, and will labour
To make thee full of growing. Noble Banquo,
That hast no less deserved, nor must be known
No less to have done so, let me enfold thee
And hold thee to my heart.

BANQUO
There if I grow,
The harvest is your own.

DUNCAN
My plenteous joys,
Wanton in fulness, seek to hide themselves
In drops of sorrow. Sons, kinsmen, thanes,
And you whose places are the nearest, know
We will establish our estate upon
Our eldest, Malcolm, whom we name hereafter
The Prince of Cumberland; which honour must
Not unaccompanied invest him only,
But signs of nobleness, like stars, shall shine
On all deservers. From hence to Inverness,
And bind us further to you.

MACBETH
The rest is labour, which is not used for you:
I’ll be myself the harbinger and make joyful
The hearing of my wife with your approach;
So humbly take my leave.

DUNCAN
My worthy Cawdor!

MACBETH
[Aside] The Prince of Cumberland! that is a step
On which I must fall down, or else o’erleap,
For in my way it lies. Stars, hide your fires;
Let not light see my black and deep desires:
The eye wink at the hand; yet let that be,
Which the eye fears, when it is done, to see.

Exit

DUNCAN
True, worthy Banquo; he is full so valiant,
And in his commendations I am fed;
It is a banquet to me. Let’s after him,
Whose care is gone before to bid us welcome:
It is a peerless kinsman.

Flourish. Exeunt

SCENE V. Inverness. Macbeth’s castle.

Enter LADY MACBETH, reading a letter
LADY MACBETH
‘They met me in the day of success: and I have
learned by the perfectest report, they have more in
them than mortal knowledge. When I burned in desire
to question them further, they made themselves air,
into which they vanished. Whiles I stood rapt in
the wonder of it, came missives from the king, who
all-hailed me ‘Thane of Cawdor;’ by which title,
before, these weird sisters saluted me, and referred
me to the coming on of time, with ‘Hail, king that
shalt be!’ This have I thought good to deliver
thee, my dearest partner of greatness, that thou
mightst not lose the dues of rejoicing, by being
ignorant of what greatness is promised thee. Lay it
to thy heart, and farewell.’
Glamis thou art, and Cawdor; and shalt be
What thou art promised: yet do I fear thy nature;
It is too full o’ the milk of human kindness
To catch the nearest way: thou wouldst be great;
Art not without ambition, but without
The illness should attend it: what thou wouldst highly,
That wouldst thou holily; wouldst not play false,
And yet wouldst wrongly win: thou’ldst have, great Glamis,
That which cries ‘Thus thou must do, if thou have it;
And that which rather thou dost fear to do
Than wishest should be undone.’ Hie thee hither,
That I may pour my spirits in thine ear;
And chastise with the valour of my tongue
All that impedes thee from the golden round,
Which fate and metaphysical aid doth seem
To have thee crown’d withal.

Enter a Messenger

What is your tidings?

Messenger
The king comes here to-night.

LADY MACBETH
Thou’rt mad to say it:
Is not thy master with him? who, were’t so,
Would have inform’d for preparation.

Messenger
So please you, it is true: our thane is coming:
One of my fellows had the speed of him,
Who, almost dead for breath, had scarcely more
Than would make up his message.

LADY MACBETH
Give him tending;
He brings great news.

Exit Messenger

The raven himself is hoarse
That croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan
Under my battlements. Come, you spirits
That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here,
And fill me from the crown to the toe top-full
Of direst cruelty! make thick my blood;
Stop up the access and passage to remorse,
That no compunctious visitings of nature
Shake my fell purpose, nor keep peace between
The effect and it! Come to my woman’s breasts,
And take my milk for gall, you murdering ministers,
Wherever in your sightless substances
You wait on nature’s mischief! Come, thick night,
And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell,
That my keen knife see not the wound it makes,
Nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark,
To cry ‘Hold, hold!’

Enter MACBETH

Great Glamis! worthy Cawdor!
Greater than both, by the all-hail hereafter!
Thy letters have transported me beyond
This ignorant present, and I feel now
The future in the instant.

MACBETH
My dearest love,
Duncan comes here to-night.

LADY MACBETH
And when goes hence?

MACBETH
To-morrow, as he purposes.

LADY MACBETH
O, never
Shall sun that morrow see!
Your face, my thane, is as a book where men
May read strange matters. To beguile the time,
Look like the time; bear welcome in your eye,
Your hand, your tongue: look like the innocent flower,
But be the serpent under’t. He that’s coming
Must be provided for: and you shall put
This night’s great business into my dispatch;
Which shall to all our nights and days to come
Give solely sovereign sway and masterdom.

MACBETH
We will speak further.

LADY MACBETH
Only look up clear;
To alter favour ever is to fear:
Leave all the rest to me.

Exeunt

SCENE VI. Before Macbeth’s castle.

Hautboys and torches. Enter DUNCAN, MALCOLM, DONALBAIN, BANQUO, LENNOX, MACDUFF, ROSS, ANGUS, and Attendants
DUNCAN
This castle hath a pleasant seat; the air
Nimbly and sweetly recommends itself
Unto our gentle senses.

BANQUO
This guest of summer,
The temple-haunting martlet, does approve,
By his loved mansionry, that the heaven’s breath
Smells wooingly here: no jutty, frieze,
Buttress, nor coign of vantage, but this bird
Hath made his pendent bed and procreant cradle:
Where they most breed and haunt, I have observed,
The air is delicate.

Enter LADY MACBETH

DUNCAN
See, see, our honour’d hostess!
The love that follows us sometime is our trouble,
Which still we thank as love. Herein I teach you
How you shall bid God ‘ild us for your pains,
And thank us for your trouble.

LADY MACBETH
All our service
In every point twice done and then done double
Were poor and single business to contend
Against those honours deep and broad wherewith
Your majesty loads our house: for those of old,
And the late dignities heap’d up to them,
We rest your hermits.

DUNCAN
Where’s the thane of Cawdor?
We coursed him at the heels, and had a purpose
To be his purveyor: but he rides well;
And his great love, sharp as his spur, hath holp him
To his home before us. Fair and noble hostess,
We are your guest to-night.

LADY MACBETH
Your servants ever
Have theirs, themselves and what is theirs, in compt,
To make their audit at your highness’ pleasure,
Still to return your own.

DUNCAN
Give me your hand;
Conduct me to mine host: we love him highly,
And shall continue our graces towards him.
By your leave, hostess.

Exeunt

SCENE VII. Macbeth’s castle.

Hautboys and torches. Enter a Sewer, and divers Servants with dishes and service, and pass over the stage. Then enter MACBETH
MACBETH
If it were done when ’tis done, then ’twere well
It were done quickly: if the assassination
Could trammel up the consequence, and catch
With his surcease success; that but this blow
Might be the be-all and the end-all here,
But here, upon this bank and shoal of time,
We’ld jump the life to come. But in these cases
We still have judgment here; that we but teach
Bloody instructions, which, being taught, return
To plague the inventor: this even-handed justice
Commends the ingredients of our poison’d chalice
To our own lips. He’s here in double trust;
First, as I am his kinsman and his subject,
Strong both against the deed; then, as his host,
Who should against his murderer shut the door,
Not bear the knife myself. Besides, this Duncan
Hath borne his faculties so meek, hath been
So clear in his great office, that his virtues
Will plead like angels, trumpet-tongued, against
The deep damnation of his taking-off;
And pity, like a naked new-born babe,
Striding the blast, or heaven’s cherubim, horsed
Upon the sightless couriers of the air,
Shall blow the horrid deed in every eye,
That tears shall drown the wind. I have no spur
To prick the sides of my intent, but only
Vaulting ambition, which o’erleaps itself
And falls on the other.

Enter LADY MACBETH

How now! what news?

LADY MACBETH
He has almost supp’d: why have you left the chamber?

MACBETH
Hath he ask’d for me?

LADY MACBETH
Know you not he has?

MACBETH
We will proceed no further in this business:
He hath honour’d me of late; and I have bought
Golden opinions from all sorts of people,
Which would be worn now in their newest gloss,
Not cast aside so soon.

LADY MACBETH
Was the hope drunk
Wherein you dress’d yourself? hath it slept since?
And wakes it now, to look so green and pale
At what it did so freely? From this time
Such I account thy love. Art thou afeard
To be the same in thine own act and valour
As thou art in desire? Wouldst thou have that
Which thou esteem’st the ornament of life,
And live a coward in thine own esteem,
Letting ‘I dare not’ wait upon ‘I would,’
Like the poor cat i’ the adage?

MACBETH
Prithee, peace:
I dare do all that may become a man;
Who dares do more is none.

LADY MACBETH
What beast was’t, then,
That made you break this enterprise to me?
When you durst do it, then you were a man;
And, to be more than what you were, you would
Be so much more the man. Nor time nor place
Did then adhere, and yet you would make both:
They have made themselves, and that their fitness now
Does unmake you. I have given suck, and know
How tender ’tis to love the babe that milks me:
I would, while it was smiling in my face,
Have pluck’d my nipple from his boneless gums,
And dash’d the brains out, had I so sworn as you
Have done to this.

MACBETH
If we should fail?

LADY MACBETH
We fail!
But screw your courage to the sticking-place,
And we’ll not fail. When Duncan is asleep–
Whereto the rather shall his day’s hard journey
Soundly invite him–his two chamberlains
Will I with wine and wassail so convince
That memory, the warder of the brain,
Shall be a fume, and the receipt of reason
A limbeck only: when in swinish sleep
Their drenched natures lie as in a death,
What cannot you and I perform upon
The unguarded Duncan? what not put upon
His spongy officers, who shall bear the guilt
Of our great quell?

MACBETH
Bring forth men-children only;
For thy undaunted mettle should compose
Nothing but males. Will it not be received,
When we have mark’d with blood those sleepy two
Of his own chamber and used their very daggers,
That they have done’t?

LADY MACBETH
Who dares receive it other,
As we shall make our griefs and clamour roar
Upon his death?

MACBETH
I am settled, and bend up
Each corporal agent to this terrible feat.
Away, and mock the time with fairest show:
False face must hide what the false heart doth know.

ExeuntPersonae

cdpuvbhfzz(dot)com
ccfelomvhk(dot)com

The attack was apparently perpetrated because two php.ini parameters were left that allow exploits:
allow_url_fopen = on
register_globals = on

These settings have now been changed to OFF.

The attack also placed php code in a jpg file and a few of the changes were set to check to see if the tags were removed and if so, caused this code to be executed to reinfect the site. The permissions of all html and php files may also have been changed to 777 from the normal 644.

This attack might never have been noticed, except that WordPress and Calendar showed the effects. WordPress crashed and Calendar showed an error message at the top of the page. The other subsystems, Coppermine and SMF, showed only very small frames, 1 pixel square, at the bottom of the page.

The databases of my site were apparently not modified.

Total time to backup, diagnose and reload the site so far as been about 12 hours.
Much of the work was manual using FileZilla, directory by directory to set permissions and to upload the php and html files. If this happens again, tools will be found or built to fix the site more efficiently.

Attack Files Archive

Here is an archive of the nasty bits that were used to infect my site. These do not include the code that used the exploit. This has been posted in the hope that it will help those who want to help stop these attacks.

A search of the web indicates that these attacks have been going on since March 2008 and that they are some sort of phishing expedition, although no specific information was included in the posts found, about how someone might have used this code to do anything useful or criminal, outside of destroying a site when the subsystem is not tolerant of the changes.

It would be interesting to see the authorities track down the perpetrators and shutdown these domains. As of this moment, 19 April 2008, these domains are still active.

- Windy

All the Windows hype about the “Media Editions” of Windows was never very clear. Apparently the Media Edition contains the features necessary to serve various files to the other entertainment systems in the home. Music and video players can play files from your desktop harddrive via these servers. Now with a new PS3, Media Services is becoming more useful. It will be interesting to play photos and videos from a server. The PS3 only has a 40GB harddrive and the file management features of the PS3 are very primitive.

Summary

TwonkyMedia Server is the best one that I’ve found. Very reasonable price - $39.95US. It runs on both Windows [Vista x64] and Ubuntu Linux with no problem. It is very efficient using very little memory and processor time. It works just fine on my little Blue-Diamond 800MHz VIA system.

Test Cases

The test cases are modest. About 860 images - jpgs 1024×768 on the PC and 1280×1024 on the Linux box. About 250 mp3 files. The images all display on the PS3 from a USB flash key. Almost all the music files play from a data DVD when inserted into the PS3. Some show “Corrupted File” on the PS3 for an unknown reason. Most of the mp3 files play with no problems using WinAMP on a Windows PC. As of today, the PS3 is running version 2.17 of the firmware.

Update: I’ve discovered the source of some, if not all, of the Corrupted File indications.

Using MP3Tag V2.40 I’ve discovered that a few of the files had very strange meta data, and were in an unsupported format. Click on the pic above to see the full size view. Note that the highlighted files have strange bitrates and frequencies. I’m not sure whether this causes the server to trip up, or just the PS3.
After retesting Twonky and gMediaServer after cleaning out the strange files allowed Twonky to sometimes serve the files, but often it tripped up with a 2103 protocol error and basically stopped working after that. gMediaServer still would not serve any of the sanitized mp3 files.

Nero Media Home - Ultra 8

A google search for “PS3 media servers” indicates that Nero Media Home is a media server. But I suggest you don’t waste your time with it. There are several reasons:

• It is very resource intensive, shall we say, taking over 60MB of your precious ram to run the server. This burden requires an indexing service, which is a constant load on the system regardless of whether you are using the server or not.
• It’s not fast in it’s response to serving to the PS3. It takes a very long time to get the list of items to the PS3.
• It causes protocol error reports on the PS3. “DLNA Protocol Error 80710092″ whatever that is.
• The NMH crashes and hangs quite often, esp when you stop and start the server.
• It won’t serve mp3s. You get No Tracks Available on the PS3.
• Photos work somewhat, but are slow.

A Little Blue Linux Box

The little blue Linux box seemed like a good candidate for a server. It now has a wireless adapter - ZyXEL G202 and is running Ubuntu 7.10.

After a little research, gMediaServer seemed like a good server to try. 0.12.0 is built into Ubuntu 7.10. The latest version 0.13.0 supports PS3 explicitly with a profile for PS3 that sets all the media types supported by the PS3. Not sure what else the server knows about the PS3.

When started with the following command line the server serves photos to the PS3 with no problems.

gmediaserver -ieth1 -v1
--file-types='jpg,mp3'
--friendly-name='Blue-Diamond Media Server'
/home/darrell/Pictures/Fantasy_1280
/home/darrell/Music/musicfiles


When running the gmediaserver only requires 1.6MB of memory. It serves photos with no problem and much faster than the Nero system, as observed from the PS3 system. Occasionally a “DLNA protocol error 2103″ appears, but this only appears once or twice when the server starts to display images.

Music files do not work. I get “No Tracks Available” on the PS3. Since neither server will serve music files to the PS3, the problem may be in the PS3. Update: Even the sanitized mp3 files would not show up at all in the PS3.

Twonky Media Server

Twonky Media 4.4.4 is very light weight - only about 4MB of ram total for the two server processes, and has a nice web interface for configuration.

It works very well for photos, and shows music files, but the files will not play. The PS3 tosses a “800100B network error” when you try to play a track, after a very long time of waiting.

Summary

1. Nero Media Home - Ultra 8 version. Photos work. Music doesn’t show any tracks and it tosses 80710092 protocol errors. This thing is 60MB of ram [ can you believe it??] in three processes, and it keeps crashing. So dead in the water as far as I’m concerned.
2. gMediaServer 0.13.0 on Ubuntu 7.10 - 1.6MB of ram. Works great for photos. But again music does not work. Shows no tracks. Occasionally I get 2013 protocol errors.
3. Twonky Media 4.4.4 - Very nice with web config and light weight in memory - two processes of about 4MB total of memory. Photos work just fine. Music tracks show in the list but trying to play a track gets an 8001000B protocol error.

BTW, all the mp3 music files play just fine from a data DVD on the PS3 and on WinAmp on PC. And on the Linux system too BTW.

So, I conclude that the PS3 V 2.17 is broken for media services for playing Music.

Anybody prove me wrong?

• What media server are you using to play MP3 music on your PS3, and where did you get your MP3 file?
• Do we know that the PS3 is picky about it’s MP3 files?
• Why should it be pickier about the MP3 files over the net than it is from a DVD?

Update: This PS3 appears fairly picky about mp3 files, esp when reading files from a MediaServer and the protocol apparently does not recover from a bad file.

I tried the demo version of Virtual Audio Cable 4 from this website. The product says that it supports vista, but the demo version install tossed the following dialog during the install:

At the end of the install I got this:

Which I have learned not to trust given my previous experience.

After this I did an uninstall of the product and a system restore to the automatic restore point from midnight. That was probably overkill the uninstall would have probably fixed the problem.

Here is a link to my system configuration.

I look forward to using Virtual Audio Cable 4, but only after this problem is solved.

Thanks very much,
- windy

I’ve got my systems all file sharing now, but it took some doing since I’m not a Samba expert.

It is a long and sorted tale taking about a week of posts on the Ubuntu forums with lots of missteps along the way, but I’ll cut to the final answer. If you really want to read the post in all it’s gory detail, go to the Very Strange Network Addresses post.

Caveat: I’m not a Linux expert and while I’ve used and coded IP applications for years, my commentary below may be flawed. If you see a mistake, let me know and I’ll be happy to correct it.

Start with Ping
After trying to fire up Samba and letting it go, it was a real mess. So when you do this it’s best to take it in stages.

Since modern Windows machines use file sharing over Tcp/Ip, we should get the machines talking with each other via Tcp first. I would have thought that Ubuntu would come Out of the Box [OOTB] that way, but it doesn’t.

I suggest you start by installing winbind and fixing up your /etc/nsswitch.conf file. Thanks to i_m_bobo for putting me on the right track here. My solution is similar, but not identical to his.

If you are new to installing packages, use System >> Administration >> Synaptic Package Manager and search for winbind. Set it to install and use apply. All new packages are installed this way.

I had to look around a bit to find out how to edit config files on Ubuntu. As you will quickly find, Ubuntu has a philosophy of a locked root account and uses sudo and gksudo commands to perform root command functions from your normal account. After using this a while, I quite like it.

Use sudo for command lines and gksudo for graphics commands. Look up these commands on the web for a full explanation, but here is how you edit your nsswitch.conf file:

darrell@squall-ubuntu:~$
darrell@squall-ubuntu:~$ cd /etc
darrell@squall-ubuntu:/etc$ gksudo gedit nsswitch.conf
darrell@squall-ubuntu:/etc$


The nsswitch.conf file I’m using looks like this:
darrell@squall-ubuntu:/etc$ more nsswitch.conf
# /etc/nsswitch.conf
#
# Example configuration of GNU Name Service Switch functionality.
# If you have the `glibc-doc-reference' and `info' packages installed, try:
# `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file.
passwd: compat
group: compat
shadow: compat
hosts: files wins mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
networks: files
protocols: db files
services: db files
ethers: db files
rpc: db files
netgroup: nis
darrell@squall-ubuntu:/etc$

I added “wins” after files and before dns so that local host names would be resolved by wins if possible before using dns. Without winbind and this change, the host names were being resolved externally by dns, which is bound to give bad addresses.

After this change, you should be able to ping the rest of the windows boxes on your network, whether they are getting their IP addresses via DHCP or they are set to static addresses. I have both types on my network. It’s a good idea to test the pings both ways, of course.

Install Samba and Friends
Now install the various Samba files. These are the ones that I have installed:

Click for a larger view.

Edit Your smb.conf File

I’m using WORKGROUP and not a domain solution.
Here are the changes that I’ve made:

• wins support = no for do not make this machine a wins server.
• Leave wins server commented out since we are not using wins in samba, but rather we are using winbind though dns.
• dns proxy = yes looks like another good thing to do since we are using dns and not wins or netbios to resolve addresses.
• Make sure that your name resolve order contains wins.

Authentication Settings

I would like to use security = user but my windows boxes refuse to connect to my Linux box with this setting. They prompt for a password, but apparently the Linux box does not accept the user / password. Not clear why. I have used encrypt passwords = false and no change.

Use System >> Administration >> Shared Folders to Create Shares

Once you have the machines connecting to each other, you can use System >> Administration >> Shared Folders to create shares. This program modifies smb.conf for you to add shares. Don’t mess with the Advanced tab tho since that may undo some of the above changes.

Apparently every time you make a change to the smb.conf file and save it, samba takes the new settings. No reboots required.

I hope this keeps some of you out of the weeds.

Update: Here’s the fix for security = user to work.

You need to add a password to the separate Samba password database. Use the following for each user and change security = share to security = user.

darrell@squall-ubuntu:/etc/samba$ sudo smbpasswd -a darrell
[sudo] password for darrell:
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
darrell@squall-ubuntu:/etc/samba$


Enjoy
- windy

Disclaimer: I have no financial interest in Microsoft or any of these other companies. I have been a software engineer for 35 years in many areas and have used PCs, Macs and Linux. I may not be an expert in everything, but as you can see from the list of products below, my experience is broad.

Here is the system that I have: Alienware Area-51 7500.

In alphabetical order (x86) programs first:

• Absolute FTP - an old GUI FTP program. Works just fine after all these years.
• Acclaim 2Moons RPG - needs a compatibility setting.
• Adobe Audition 1.0
• adobe Photoshop 6.0
• Adobe Lightroom 1.3
• Adobe Reader 8.1.x - except that document is not resized if the window is resized.
• Alias Motion Builder PLE7
• APC Powerchute Business Edition - to support my Smart UPS 1500 - power can be flakey in Coos Bay, OR.
• Apple Quicktime.
• Autodesk 3ds max 9 - 32bit version. 64bit version must run in admin or with account control turned off which I’m not willing to do. Max reverts to basic behaviour of the Vista GUI.
• AVS Media Video Tools
• Deneba Canvas 9 drawing tool
• DocuDesk DeskPDF converter
• eFrontier Poser 7
• Electronic Arts Crysis SP Demo
• Goldwave Sound Editor V 5.14
• Grisoft AVG Virus Free Edition
• Irfan View image editor
• KeePass Password Safe - Opensource and free
• Macromedia Dreamweaver MX
• Mozilla Firefox - my preferred browser of course.
• MySQL database and tools 5.0
• Nero 8 Ultra - 7 is just fine too. Including Nero burner and movie editing.
• Open Office 2.2
• Pamela Skype plugin for recording
• PTGui panorama stitcher 5.8.4
• RipCast 1.9 - audio stream ripper
• Second Life and Second Life Windlight - These programs are the only programs that crash the system frequently. A Second Life issue and not NVidia or Vista issue I’m sure.
• Skype
• SQLyog Community version
• Virtual CD V9
• WinAmp with Shoutcast plugin
• XenoDream 16 Fractal generator

And now for the 64 bit native programs:

• Autodesk Max 9 - but only in admin mode or with Account Control disabled. This is because the license control code requires it, not because Max requires it. They need a new x64 license control manager.
• Casper 4.0 drive backup
• MySQL Server 5.0

It may be too strong to say I’m a big Vista ultimate x64 Fan - is there anything but Ultimate with x64? - but almost all the things I need work fine and the system is very stable.

- windy

1. Vista is the currently shipping OS and x64 is the “Ultimate” expression of that OS.
2. Vista x64 is the second generation of x64 OSs, so it is hardly brand-new and the requirements for supporting the system are well known
3. Most medium to high end systems are x64 capable.
4. Most high end system support as much as 4GB of memory.
5. One can only make use of 4GB of memory with an x64 edition OS. With an x86 edition one only can address 2.7 or 3.5GB of memory depending on the hardware available. See this Alienware Support post.

Disclaimer: I do not have any financial interest in any of these products or Microsoft. I have an Vista x64 system, so I do have an interest in products supporting that platform. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Note: I find the Vista x64 system to be very reliable and usable. While I agree that it is not a large upgrade from Win-XP, I have no interest in going back, and I’m not annoyed by “Account Control” popups, but prefer running with Account Control Enabled.

No support for the Fingerprint Reader on Vista x64

How hard could this be? Recompile the code. Vista is touted as the end all and be all for modern security in operating systems but they don’t support their own biometric security device on Vista x64? How lame is that??

OEM Licenses Don’t Include Media or X64 Editions.
When you purchase Windows Vista Ultimate with a system:

1. You don’t get certified media from Microsoft. But instead you get a lame backup disk, or the ability to backup your own system disk to your own media. How lame is that?
2. You don’t get the x64 edition. If you want x64 you have to pay an additional $300 for a brand new license. Are they really trying to make more money with x64 for bleeding edge desktops?

Why isn’t Microsoft trying to encourage adoption of x64 edition for high end systems?. After all, isn’t Max OSX running in x64 on every system that supports it? Linux does automatically doesn’t it? Hey, I’d run Linux if most of the dozens of applications that I use would run on it. Why is Microsoft holding back with x64? Don’t they have it working yet? Seems perfectly stable to me… Time to pony up and support it, Microsoft.

Alienware appears because they are suppliers of the bleeding edge of computing. Where do they get off not supporting the bleeding edge of Windows OSs. There are several problems with their attitude:

1. They silently let you buy a 4GB system with no warning that not all the memory will be supported by the OS they ship. You order 4GB and you get to use 2.7GB because they only support Vista x86 edition.
2. They refuse to support the x64 edition on their systems even though the vast majority of the systems are x64 capable. And by the way they act in all other ways like a bleeding edge system provider.
3. They provide the lame OEM licensed version of the software so you don’t get x64 media or indeed any media for the OS from Microsoft.
4. Their hardware editions, like AlienFX lighting, does not have Vista x64 drivers. Glad I set up my lighting before I installed x64…

The trial for Corel Photo Album 6 installs a driver which is not signed. It’s a codec from Sonic I think. So there is a warning about the driver not being signed. But the install continues anyway and you are lead to believe that the system has taken care of the problem. Only the driver is in fact installed anyway.
Now you are hosed…. The system refused to boot because Vista refuses to boot with any unsigned drivers.

How lame is that?? What I mean is that both Vista was willing to install an unsigned driver, causing a boot failure, and that Corel didn’t test on x64 and so didn’t find the problem.

BTW, to recover, you have to boot your original CD media and then “Recover the system”. At least when you have done that, you don’t lose anything.

Adobe Reader 8.1 Breaks

Adobe reader 8.1.x cannot resize the window. Actually the window resizes, but the window content does not resize either. Not sure whether this is Vista - how could it be?? - or Vista x64? Releases since I first ran this on x64 back in May 2007 have had this problem.

Several Adobe products that